Jul 22, 2016 Little Snitch Classes. If we load the Little Snitch kernel driver into a disassembler (IDA was used for the screenshots) we can notice a class named “atobdevLSNKE”. This is the main class of the driver as we can also observe in the driver Info.plist contents: Further class information can be extracted from the “const” section.
As you build up confidence in each Mac OS X application and system daemon and what it connects to, and grant your permission, Little Snitch dynamically builds an outbound set of filter rules. If some new and unexpected outbound connection happens, youill be offered the opportunity to block it.
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This release contains changes in the following areas:

Dec 18, 2017 Due to the intrusive nature of Little Snitch popups, several MacOS implants will perform explicit checks for processes, kexts, and other components. This usually manifests through explicit calls to the process (ps) or directory (dir) commands with sub-filtering for Little Snitch.

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Improved detection of program modification

Little Snitch has a security mechanism that ensures rules are only applied to programs for which they were originally created. This is to prevent malware from hijacking existing rules for legitimate programs. To do that, Little Snitch must be able to detect whether a program was modified. How Little Snitch does that changes with this version.

Previous versions required a program to have a valid code signature in order to be able to detect illegitimate modifications later on. Programs without a code signature could not be validated and Little Snitch warned accordingly. The focus was therefore on a program’s code signature.

Beginning with version 4.3, Little Snitch can always check whether a program has been tampered with, even if it’s not code signed at all. The focus is now on checking for modifications with the best means available. That is usually still the code signature but for programs that are not code signed, Little Snitch now computes a secure hash over the program’s executable. (There’s still a warning if a process is not signed, but only to inform you about a possible anomaly.)

This change leads to a different terminology. When editing a rule, Little Snitch Configuration no longer shows a checkbox titled “requires valid code signature” but instead one that is titled “check process identity” (or if the rule is for any process: “apply to trusted processes only”).

Instead of a “code signature mismatch”, Little Snitch’s connection alert now informs that “the program has been modified”. Mac boot camp from usb drive.

In cases where Little Snitch detects such a modification, it now also better explains the possible underlying cause and the potential consequences.

For more information see the chapter Code identity checks in the online help.

Configuration File Compatibility

This version uses a new format with speed and size improvements for the configuration file in which the current rule set and the preferences are stored. This new file format is not compatible with older versions of Little Snitch, though.When updating to Little Snitch 4.3, the old configuration file is left untouched in case you want to downgrade to a previous version of Little Snitch. All changes made in Little Snitch 4.3 or later are not included in the old file, of course.Note that backup files created using File > Create Backup… in Little Snitch Configuration use the old file format and are therefore backward-compatible with previous versions of Little Snitch.

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Improved Support for macOS Mojave

Improved appearance in Dark Mode.
Fixed backup restore from Time Machine not working in Little Snitch Configuration due to the new “Full Disk Access” security mechanism.
Fixed creating Diagnostics Reports for non-admin users (on macOS High Sierra and later). When you contact our tech support, we sometimes ask you to create these reports.

Performance Improvements

Improved overall performance for large rule sets.
Reduced CPU load of Little Snitch Daemon during DNS lookups.
Reduced CPU load of Network Monitor while inactive.
Improved performance of rule sorting in Little Snitch Configuration, which leads to better overall performance.
Fixed Little Snitch Daemon hanging while updating a rule group subscription that contains many rules.
Fixed a memory leak that occurred when closing a snapshot window in Network Monitor.

Internet Access Policy

Fixed an issue causing an app’s Internet Access Policy not being shown if that app was running in App Translocation.
Fixed clickable links not working in the “Deny Consequences” popover when creating rules in connection alert or Network Monitor.
Internet Access Policy file: Fixed large values for a connection’s “Port” being rejected.

Process Identity and Code Signature Check Improvements

Added support for detecting revoked code signing certificates when checking a process’ code signature. The connection alert and Network Monitor now treat such processes like processes without a valid code signature and show relevant information. Also, rules created will use an appropriate identity check (based on the executable’s checksum, not based on the code signature).
When showing a connection alert for a process that has no valid code signature, Little Snitch now tries to find out if loading a shared library may have caused the issue with the code signature. If so, this is pointed out in the connection alert.
Fixed handling of app updates while the app is still running: Previous versions of Little Snitch would complain that the code signature could not be checked if the running app was replaced on disk, e.g. during an update.
Fixed an issue where connection alerts would erroneously contain a warning that an application’s code signing certificate was unacceptable. This mainly happened when a process’ first connection was an incoming connection.

Improved Handling of Connection Denials and Override Rules

Improved handling of override deny-rules that were created as a consequence of a suspicious program modification (“Connection Denials”). In Network Monitor, these rules are now marked with a dedicated symbol. Clicking that symbol allows to remove that override rule, if the modification is confirmed to be legitimate.
Changed override deny-rules created for failed code identity checks to not be editable or deletable. Instead, double-clicking such a rule allows you to fix the underlying issue, which then automatically deletes the override rule.

UI and UX Improvements

Automatically combine rules: For improved handling of large rule sets with many similar rules that only differ in host or domain names. This is common when subscribing to blocklists, which may contain thousands of similar, individual rules denying connections to various servers. The new “Automatically combine rules” option in Little Snitch Configuration (on by default) now combines such similar rules into a single row, making it much easier to keep track of large lists of rules.
Improved appearance when Accessibility option 'Increase contrast' is active.
Improved floating window mode in Network Monitor.
When choosing File > Restore from Backup in Little Snitch Configuration, the list showing possible backup files now includes backups that Little Snitch created automatically.
Improved the map shown in the “Known Networks” window in Little Snitch Configuration.
Improved the legibility of traffic rates in the status menu on Retina displays.
Fixed data rates shown in Network Monitor to match the values shown in the status menu.
Fixed the “Duration” setting in Preferences > Alert > Preselected Options not being respected.
Fixed an issue with “undo” when unsubscribing from a rule group or when deleting a profile.
Fixed an issue in Little Snitch Configuration where the “Turn into global rule” action did not work.
Fixed an issue where an error that occurred in the course of a previous rule group subscription update was still displayed, even though the problem no longer existed.

Other Improvements and Bug Fixes

Increased the maximum number of host names allowed in a rule group subscription to 200.000.
Fixed an issue causing XPC services inside bundled frameworks to not be recognized as XPC. This resulted in connection alerts to be shown for the XPC services themselves instead of for the app the service belongs to.
Fixed an issue causing Time Machine backups to Samba servers to stop working under some circumstances.
Fixed an issue related to VPN connections with Split DNS configuration that caused only the server’s IP address to be displayed instead of its hostname.
Reduced the snap length in PCAP files, allowing them to be analyzed not only with Wireshark but also with “tcpdump”.

Detect attempts by potentially malicious software to discover the presence of Little Snitch on a host by looking for process and command line artifacts.

These attempts are categorized as Discovery / Security Software Discovery.

The strategy will function as follows:

Record process and process command line information for MacOS hosts using endpoint detection tooling.
Look for any explicit process or command line references to Little Snitch.
Suppress known-good processes and command line arguments
- Little Snitch Updater
- Little Snitch Installer
- Health checks for Little Snitch
Fire alert on any other process or command line activity.

Little Snitch is an application firewall for MacOS that allows users to generate rulesets around how applications can communicate on the network.

In the most paranoid mode, Little Snitch will launch a pop-up notifying the user that an application has deviated from a ruleset. For instance, the following events could trip an interactive alert:

A new process is observed attempting to communicate on the network.A process is communicating with a new IP address or port which differs from a ruleset.The following prompt demonstrates the expected behavior of Little Snitch:

Due to the intrusive nature of Little Snitch popups, several MacOS implants will perform explicit checks for processes, kexts, and other components. This usually manifests through explicit calls to the process (ps) or directory (dir) commands with sub-filtering for Little Snitch.

For instance, an implant could look for the following components:

Running Little Snitch processes
Little Snitch Kexts
Little Snitch Plists
Little Snitch Rules

The following code is explicitly run by the Powershell Empyre agent as soon as it executes on a MacOS system:

The following screenshot shows the same command as part of a endpoint detection tooling process execution chain:

Looking at the source code for Powershell Empyre reveals the explicit check using the ps and grep commands:

This strategy relies on the following assumptions:

Endpoint detection tooling is running and functioning correctly on the system.
Process execution events are being recorded.
Logs from endpoint detection tooling are reported to the server.
Endpoint detection tooling is correctly forwarding logs to SIEM.
SIEM is successfully indexing endpoint detection tooling logs.
Attacker toolkits will perform searches to identify if Little Snitch is installed or running.

A blind spot will occur if any of the assumptions are violated. For instance, the following would not trip the alert:

Endpoint detection tooling is tampered with or disabled.
The attacker implant does not perform searches for Little Snitch in a manner that generates a child process.
Obfuscation occurs in the search for Little Snitch which defeats our regex.

There are several instances where false positives for this ADS could occur:

Users explicitly performing interrogation of the Little Snitch installation
- Grepping for a process, searching for files.
Little Snitch performing an update, installation, or uninstallation.
- We miss whitelisting a known-good process.
Management tools performing actions on Little Snitch.
- We miss whitelisting a known-good process.

Known false positives include:

Little Snitch Software Updater

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Most false positives can be attributed to scripts or user behavior looking at the current state of Little Snitch. These are either trusted binaries (e.g. our management tools) or are definitively benign user behavior (e.g. the processes performing interrogation are child processes of a user shell process).

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The priority is set to medium under all conditions.

Validation can occur for this ADS by performing the following execution on a MacOS host:

In the event that this alert fires, the following response procedures are recommended:

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Look at management tooling to identify if Little Snitch is installed on the host.
- If Little Snitch is not installed on the Host, this may be more suspicious.
Look at the process that triggered this alert. Walk the process chain.
- What process triggered this alert?
- What was the user the process ran as?
- What was the parent process?
- Are there any unusual discrepancies in this chain?
Look at the process that triggered this alert. Inspect the binary.
- Is this a shell process?
- Is the process digitally signed?
- Is the parent process digitally signed?
- How prevalent is this binary?
Does this appear to be user-generated in nature?
- Is this running in a long-running shell?
- Are there other indicators this was manually typed by a user?
- If the activity may have been user-generated, reach out to the user via our chat client and ask them to clarify their behavior.
If the user is unaware of this behavior, escalate to a security incident.
If the process behavior seems unusual, or if Little Snitch is not installed, escalate to a security incident.