Feb 05, 2018 Push2Tune for the ICOM IC-7300. Discussion in 'Homebrew and Kit Projects' started by WA7ARK, Jan 22. Tap it once to disable the internal and then push the 'tune' button on your external tuner? I may have missed something though. Did you just want to build a project? On my rig I just turn the Auto ATU switch off if I don't want to use it. NOTE: This is an internal Oracle parameter. Do NOT use it unless instructed to do so by Oracle Support. Playing with this parameter may be harmful. Oracle 11.1.0. For a fixed size undo tablespace, the database calculates the maximum undo retention period based on database statistics and on the size of the undo tablespace. For optimal undo management, rather than tuning based on 100% of the tablespace size, the database tunes the undo retention period based on 85% of the tablespace size, or on the warning alert threshold. In many cases, it is easier and cheaper to disable auto tasks than to troubleshoot them (assumption – no one using auto tasks results). Just to remind you that all: 3 tasks are enabled by default independently whether you update your database to 11G or create a. Sep 15, 2013 How do I delete manual autotunes. So if you use this feature to set up an auto-tune for a whole season of a show you will have to delete the auto-tune each week when it shows up again and again. The only way to avoid this is to set the individual auto-tune each week for each show which rather defeats the purpose of being able to set. Dec 02, 2018 salve salve galerinha, video do show completo do Matue para vcs! Video ficou gigante pois tentei mostrar o maximo para vcs, espero que curtam e deixem o like.

This section introduces the concepts of Automatic Undo Management and discusses the following topics:

Overview of Automatic Undo Management

Oracle provides a fully automated mechanism, referred to as automatic undo management, for managing undo information and space. With automatic undo management, the database manages undo segments in an undo tablespace. Beginning with Release 11g, automatic undo management is the default mode for a newly installed database. An auto-extending undo tablespace named UNDOTBS1 is automatically created when you create the database with Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA).

An undo tablespace can also be created explicitly. The methods of creating an undo tablespace are explained in 'Creating an Undo Tablespace'.

When the instance starts, the database automatically selects the first available undo tablespace. If no undo tablespace is available, the instance starts without an undo tablespace and stores undo records in the SYSTEM tablespace. This is not recommended, and an alert message is written to the alert log file to warn that the system is running without an undo tablespace.

If the database contains multiple undo tablespaces, you can optionally specify at startup that you want to use a specific undo tablespace. This is done by setting the UNDO_TABLESPACE initialization parameter, as shown in this example:

If the tablespace specified in the initialization parameter does not exist, the STARTUP command fails. The UNDO_TABLESPACE parameter can be used to assign a specific undo tablespace to an instance in an Oracle Real Application Clusters environment.

The database can also run in manual undo management mode. In this mode, undo space is managed through rollback segments, and no undo tablespace is used.

Note:

Space management for rollback segments is complex. Oracle strongly recommends leaving the database in automatic undo management mode.

The following is a summary of the initialization parameters for undo management:

Initialization Parameter	Description
`UNDO_MANAGEMENT`	If `AUTO` or null, enables automatic undo management. If `MANUAL`, sets manual undo management mode. The default is `AUTO`.
`UNDO_TABLESPACE`	Optional, and valid only in automatic undo management mode. Specifies the name of an undo tablespace. Use only when the database has multiple undo tablespaces and you want to direct the database instance to use a particular undo tablespace.

When automatic undo management is enabled, if the initialization parameter file contains parameters relating to manual undo management, they are ignored.

Note:

Earlier releases of Oracle Database default to manual undo management mode. To change to automatic undo management, you must first create an undo tablespace and then change the UNDO_MANAGEMENT initialization parameter to AUTO. If your Oracle Database is release 9i or later and you want to change to automatic undo management, see Oracle Database Upgrade Guide for instructions.

A null UNDO_MANAGEMENT initialization parameter defaults to automatic undo management mode in Release 11g and later, but defaults to manual undo management mode in earlier releases. You must therefore use caution when upgrading a previous release to Release 11g. Oracle Database Upgrade Guide describes the correct method of migrating to automatic undo management mode, including information on how to size the undo tablespace.

See Also:

Oracle Database Reference for complete descriptions of initialization parameters used in undo management

About the Undo Retention Period

After a transaction is committed, undo data is no longer needed for rollback or transaction recovery purposes. However, for consistent read purposes, long-running queries may require this old undo information for producing older images of data blocks. Furthermore, the success of several Oracle Flashback features can also depend upon the availability of older undo information. For these reasons, it is desirable to retain the old undo information for as long as possible.

When automatic undo management is enabled, there is always a current undo retention period, which is the minimum amount of time that Oracle Database attempts to retain old undo information before overwriting it. Old (committed) undo information that is older than the current undo retention period is said to be expired and its space is available to be overwritten by new transactions. Old undo information with an age that is less than the current undo retention period is said to be unexpired and is retained for consistent read and Oracle Flashback operations.

Oracle Database automatically tunes the undo retention period based on undo tablespace size and system activity. You can optionally specify a minimum undo retention period (in seconds) by setting the UNDO_RETENTION initialization parameter. The exact impact this parameter on undo retention is as follows:

The UNDO_RETENTION parameter is ignored for a fixed size undo tablespace. The database always tunes the undo retention period for the best possible retention, based on system activity and undo tablespace size. See 'Automatic Tuning of Undo Retention' for more information.
For an undo tablespace with the AUTOEXTEND option enabled, the database attempts to honor the minimum retention period specified by UNDO_RETENTION. When space is low, instead of overwriting unexpired undo information, the tablespace auto-extends. If the MAXSIZE clause is specified for an auto-extending undo tablespace, when the maximum size is reached, the database may begin to overwrite unexpired undo information. The UNDOTBS1 tablespace that is automatically created by DBCA is auto-extending.

Automatic Tuning of Undo Retention

Oracle Database automatically tunes the undo retention period based on how the undo tablespace is configured.

If the undo tablespace is configured with the AUTOEXTEND option, the database dynamically tunes the undo retention period to be somewhat longer than the longest-running active query on the system. However, this retention period may be insufficient to accommodate Oracle Flashback operations. Oracle Flashback operations resulting in snapshottooold errors are the indicator that you must intervene to ensure that sufficient undo data is retained to support these operations. To better accommodate Oracle Flashback features, you can either set the UNDO_RETENTION parameter to a value equal to the longest expected Oracle Flashback operation, or you can change the undo tablespace to fixed size.
If the undo tablespace is fixed size, the database dynamically tunes the undo retention period for the best possible retention for that tablespace size and the current system load. This best possible retention time is typically significantly greater than the duration of the longest-running active query.
If you decide to change the undo tablespace to fixed-size, you must choose a tablespace size that is sufficiently large. If you choose an undo tablespace size that is too small, the following two errors could occur:
- DML could fail because there is not enough space to accommodate undo for new transactions.
- Long-running queries could fail with a snapshottooold error, which means that there was insufficient undo data for read consistency.
See 'Sizing a Fixed-Size Undo Tablespace' for more information.

Note:

Automatic tuning of undo retention is not supported for LOBs. This is because undo information for LOBs is stored in the segment itself and not in the undo tablespace. For LOBs, the database attempts to honor the minimum undo retention period specified by UNDO_RETENTION. However, if space becomes low, unexpired LOB undo information may be overwritten.

See Also:

'Setting the Minimum Undo Retention Period'

Retention Guarantee

To guarantee the success of long-running queries or Oracle Flashback operations, you can enable retention guarantee. If retention guarantee is enabled, the specified minimum undo retention is guaranteed; the database never overwrites unexpired undo data even if it means that transactions fail due to lack of space in the undo tablespace. If retention guarantee is not enabled, the database can overwrite unexpired undo when space is low, thus lowering the undo retention for the system. This option is disabled by default.

WARNING:

Enabling retention guarantee can cause multiple DML operations to fail. Use with caution.

You enable retention guarantee by specifying the RETENTION GUARANTEE clause for the undo tablespace when you create it with either the CREATE DATABASE or CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE statement. Or, you can later specify this clause in an ALTER TABLESPACE statement. You disable retention guarantee with the RETENTION NOGUARANTEE clause.

You can use the DBA_TABLESPACES view to determine the retention guarantee setting for the undo tablespace. A column named RETENTION contains a value of GUARANTEE, NOGUARANTEE, or NOTAPPLY, where NOTAPPLY is used for tablespaces other than the undo tablespace.

Undo Retention Tuning and Alert Thresholds

For a fixed-size undo tablespace, the database calculates the best possible retention based on database statistics and on the size of the undo tablespace. For optimal undo management, rather than tuning based on 100% of the tablespace size, the database tunes the undo retention period based on 85% of the tablespace size, or on the warning alert threshold percentage for space used, whichever is lower. (The warning alert threshold defaults to 85%, but can be changed.) Therefore, if you set the warning alert threshold of the undo tablespace below 85%, this may reduce the tuned size of the undo retention period. For more information on tablespace alert thresholds, see 'Managing Tablespace Alerts'.

Tracking the Tuned Undo Retention Period

You can determine the current retention period by querying the TUNED_UNDORETENTION column of the V$UNDOSTAT view. This view contains one row for each 10-minute statistics collection interval over the last 4 days. (Beyond 4 days, the data is available in the DBA_HIST_UNDOSTAT view.) TUNED_UNDORETENTION is given in seconds.

See Oracle Database Reference for more information about V$UNDOSTAT.

This chapter discusses the automatic SQL tuning features of Oracle Database. Automatic SQL tuning automates the manual process, which is complex, repetitive, and time-consuming.

This chapter contains the following sections:

See Also:
Oracle Database 2 Day + Performance Tuning Guide for information about using the automatic SQL tuning features of Oracle Database with Oracle Enterprise Manager

17.1 Automatic Tuning Optimizer

When SQL statements are executed by the Oracle database, the query optimizer is used to generate the execution plans of the SQL statements. The query optimizer operates in two modes: a normal mode and a tuning mode.

In normal mode, the optimizer compiles the SQL and generates an execution plan. The normal mode of the optimizer generates a reasonable execution plan for the vast majority of SQL statements. Under normal mode, the optimizer operates with very strict time constraints, usually a fraction of a second, during which it must find a good execution plan.

In tuning mode, the optimizer performs additional analysis to check whether the execution plan produced under normal mode can be improved further. The output of the query optimizer is not an execution plan, but a series of actions, along with their rationale and expected benefit for producing a significantly superior plan. When running in the tuning mode, the optimizer is referred to as the Automatic Tuning Optimizer.

Under tuning mode, the optimizer can take several minutes to tune a single statement. It is both time and resource intensive to invoke the Automatic Tuning Optimizer every time a query has to be hard-parsed. The Automatic Tuning Optimizer is meant to be used for complex and high-load SQL statements that have non-trivial impact on the entire system. The Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) proactively identifies high-load SQL statements which are good candidates for SQL tuning. See Chapter 6, 'Automatic Performance Diagnostics'. The automatic SQL tuning feature of Oracle Database also automatically identifies problematic SQL statements and implements tuning recommendations during system maintenance windows as an automated maintenance task.

The Automatic Tuning Optimizer performs four types of tuning analysis:

17.1.1 Statistics Analysis

The query optimizer relies on object statistics to generate execution plans. If these statistics are stale or missing, the optimizer does not have the necessary information it needs and can generate poor execution plans. The Automatic Tuning Optimizer checks each query object for missing or stale statistics, and produces two types of output:

Recommendations to gather relevant statistics for objects with stale or no statistics.
Because optimizer statistics are automatically collected and refreshed, this problem may be encountered only when automatic optimizer statistics collection has been turned off. See 'Automatic Optimizer Statistics Collection'.
Auxiliary information in the form of statistics for objects with no statistics, and statistic adjustment factor for objects with stale statistics.

This auxiliary information is stored in an object called a SQL Profile.

17.1.2 SQL Profiling

The query optimizer can sometimes produce inaccurate estimates about an attribute of a statement due to lack of information, leading to poor execution plans. Traditionally, users have corrected this problem by manually adding hints to the application code to guide the optimizer into making correct decisions. For packaged applications, changing application code is not an option and the only alternative available is to log a bug with the application vendor and wait for a fix.

Automatic SQL tuning deals with this problem with its SQL profiling capability. The Automatic Tuning Optimizer creates a profile of the SQL statement called a SQL Profile, consisting of auxiliary statistics specific to that statement. The query optimizer under normal mode makes estimates about cardinality, selectivity, and cost that can sometimes be off by a significant amount resulting in poor execution plans. SQL Profile addresses this problem by collecting additional information using sampling and partial execution techniques to verify and, if necessary, adjust these estimates.

During SQL Profiling, the Automatic Tuning Optimizer also uses execution history information of the SQL statement to appropriately set optimizer parameter settings, such as changing the OPTIMIZER_MODE initialization parameter setting from ALL_ROWS to FIRST_ROWS for that SQL statement.

The output of this type of analysis is a recommendation to accept the SQL Profile. A SQL Profile, once accepted, is stored persistently in the data dictionary. Note that the SQL Profile is specific to a particular query. If accepted, the optimizer under normal mode uses the information in the SQL Profile in conjunction with regular database statistics when generating an execution plan. The availability of the additional information makes it possible to produce well-tuned plans for corresponding SQL statement without requiring any change to the application code.

The scope of a SQL Profile can be controlled by the CATEGORY profile attribute. This attribute determines which user sessions can apply the profile. You can view the CATEGORY attribute for a SQL Profile in CATEGORY column of the DBA_SQL_PROFILES view. By default, all profiles are created in the DEFAULT category. This means that all user sessions where the SQLTUNE_CATEGORY initialization parameter is set to DEFAULT can use the profile.

By altering the category of a SQL profile, you can determine which sessions are affected by the creation of a profile. For example, by setting the category of a SQL Profile to DEV, only those users sessions where the SQLTUNE_CATEGORY initialization parameter is set to DEV can use the profile. All other sessions do not have access to the SQL Profile and execution plans for SQL statements are not impacted by the SQL profile. This technique enables you to test a SQL Profile in a restricted environment before making it available to other user sessions.

See Also:

Oracle Database Reference for information on the SQLTUNE_CATEGORY initialization parameter

It is important to note that the SQL Profile does not freeze the execution plan of a SQL statement, as done by stored outlines. As tables grow or indexes are created or dropped, the execution plan can change with the same SQL Profile. The information stored in it continues to be relevant, even as the data distribution or access path of the corresponding statement change. In general, it is not necessary to refresh the SQL profiles. However, over a long period of time, its content can become outdated and may need to be regenerated. This can be done by running the SQL Tuning Advisor again on the same statement to regenerate the SQL Profile.

SQL Profiles apply to the following statement types:

SELECT statements
UPDATE statements
INSERT statements (only with a SELECT clause)
DELETE statements
CREATETABLE statements (only with the ASSELECT clause)
MERGE statements (the update or insert operations)

A complete set of functions are provided for management of SQL Profiles. See 'SQL Profiles'.

17.1.3 Access Path Analysis

Indexes can tremendously enhance performance of a SQL statement by reducing the need for full table scans on large tables. Effective indexing is a common tuning technique. The Automatic Tuning Optimizer also explores whether a new index can significantly enhance the performance of a query. If such an index is identified, it recommends its creation.

Because the Automatic Tuning Optimizer does not analyze how its index recommendation can affect the entire SQL workload, it also recommends running the SQL Access Advisor utility on the SQL statement along with a representative SQL workload. The SQL Access Advisor looks at the impact of creating an index on the entire SQL workload before making any recommendations. See 'Automatic SQL Tuning Features'.

17.1.4 SQL Structure Analysis

The Automatic Tuning Optimizer identifies common problems with structure of SQL statements that can lead to poor performance. These could be syntactic, semantic, or design problems with the statement. In each of these cases the Automatic Tuning Optimizer makes relevant suggestions to restructure the SQL statements. The alternative suggested is similar, but not equivalent, to the original statement.

For example, the optimizer may suggest to replace UNION operator with UNIONALL or to replace NOTIN with NOTEXISTS. An application developer can then determine if the advice is applicable to their situation or not. For instance, if the schema design is such that there is no possibility of producing duplicates, then the UNIONALL operator is much more efficient than the UNION operator. These changes require a good understanding of the data properties and should be implemented only after careful consideration.

17.2 SQL Tuning Advisor

The SQL Tuning Advisor takes one or more SQL statements as an input and invokes the Automatic Tuning Optimizer to perform SQL tuning on the statements. The output of the SQL Tuning Advisor is in the form of an advice or recommendations, along with a rationale for each recommendation and its expected benefit. The recommendation relates to collection of statistics on objects, creation of new indexes, restructuring of the SQL statement, or creation of a SQL profile. You can choose to accept the recommendation to complete the tuning of the SQL statements.

Undo Auto Tune 11g Data

Oracle Database can automatically tune SQL statements by identifying problematic SQL statements and implementing tuning recommendations using the SQL Tuning Advisor during system maintenance windows. You can also run the SQL Tuning Advisor selectively on a single or a set of SQL statements that have been identified as problematic.

17.3 Automatic SQL Tuning Advisor

Oracle Database automatically runs the SQL Tuning Advisor on selected high-load SQL statements from the Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) that qualify as tuning candidates. This task, called Automatic SQL Tuning, runs in the default maintenance windows on a nightly basis. You can customize attributes of the maintenance windows, including start and end time, frequency, and days of the week.

See Also:

Oracle Database Administrator's Guide Undo auto tune 11g free

for information about automated maintenance task

Once automatic SQL tuning begins, which by default runs for at most one hour during a maintenance window, the following steps are performed:

Identify SQL candidates in the AWR for tuning.
Oracle Database analyzes statistics in the AWR and generates a list of potential SQL statements that are eligible for tuning. These statements include repeating high-load statements that have a significant impact on the system. Only SQL statements that have an execution plan with a high potential for improvement will be tuned. Recursive SQL and statements that have been tuned recently (in the last month) are ignored, as are parallel queries, DMLs, DDLs, and SQL statements with performance problems that are caused by concurrency issues. The SQL statements that are selected as candidates are then ordered based on their performance impact. The performance impact of a SQL statement is calculated by summing the CPU time and the I/O times captured in the AWR for that SQL statement in the past week.
Tune each SQL statement individually by calling the SQL Tuning Advisor.
VirtualDJ Download User Manual Hardware Manuals Plugins & Addons Audio Effects Video Effects Interface/Skins Sample Packs DVS Timecode Timecode CD signal. Traktor skin. PhantomDeejay PRO Infinity Senior staff Member since 2007 Skins that resemble competitive software titles are forbidden. Now, with TRAKTOR PRO 3, we've built on that past to bring you new tools for sonic sculpting, our best sound quality ever, and our clearest interface to date - so you can play whatever you want. May 12, 2013 I am about to buy Traktor Pro 2.6.1 and I was curious: Is there a way to combine a BMP and an XML file to custom skin my Traktor software (or another. Traktor pro skins download for laptop. Traktor Scratch PRO is the premium digital vinyl system from Native Instruments allowing you to spin and manipulate your digital track collection on up to four decks with vinyl and CD control. Includes the full version of TRAKTOR PRO software. Here you can find traktor skins virtual dj shared files. Download Traktor vs3 Pro (Virtual dj skin 1280x1024) Skins dj mix.zip from 4shared.com 1.57 MB, LaresDJ-VDJ-Skins-Traktor 2.6 Virtual DJ 8 Pro (JavierDanceBeats Skin).zip from mega.co.nz 3.78 MB free from TraDownload.
During the tuning process, all recommendation types are considered and reported, but only SQL profiles can be implemented automatically.
Test SQL profiles by executing the SQL statement.
If a SQL profile is recommended, test the new SQL profile by executing the SQL statement both with and without the SQL profile. If the performance improvement improves at least threefold, the SQL profile will be accepted (when the ACCEPT_SQL_PROFILES task parameter is set to TRUE). Otherwise, only the recommendation to create a SQL profile will be reported in the automatic SQL tuning reports.
Optionally implement the SQL profiles provided they meet the criteria of threefold performance improvement.
Note that other factors are considered when deciding whether or not to implement the SQL profile. For example, a SQL profile is not implemented if the objects referenced in the SQL statement have stale optimizer statistics. You can identify which SQL profiles have been implemented automatically as their type will be set to AUTO in the DBA_SQL_PROFILES view.
If SQL plan management is used and there is already an existing plan baseline for the SQL statement, a new plan baseline will be added when a SQL profile is created. As a result, the new and improved SQL execution plan will be used by the optimizer immediately after the SQL profile is created. For information about SQL plan management, see Chapter 15, 'Using SQL Plan Management'.

At any time during or after the automatic SQL tuning process, you can view the results using the automatic SQL tuning report. This report describes in detail all the SQL statements that were analyzed, the recommendations generated, and the SQL profiles that were automatically implemented.

Figure 17-1 illustrates the steps performed by Oracle Database during the automatic SQL tuning process.

Figure 17-1 Automatic SQL Tuning

Description of 'Figure 17-1 Automatic SQL Tuning'

This section contains the following topics:

17.3.1 Enabling and Disabling Automatic SQL Tuning

Automatic SQL tuning runs as part of the automated maintenance tasks infrastructure.

To enable automatic SQL tuning, use the ENABLE procedure in the DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN package:

To disable automatic SQL tuning, use the DISABLE procedure in the DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN package:

You can pass a specific window name using the window_name parameter to enable or disable the task in certain maintenance windows only.

Setting the STATISTICS_LEVEL parameter to BASIC will disable automatic statistics gathering by the AWR and, as a result, also disable automatic SQL tuning.

See Also:

Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for information about the AutoTask infrastructure
Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information about the DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN package

17.3.2 Configuring Automatic SQL Tuning

The behavior of the automatic SQL tuning task can be configured using the DBMS_SQLTUNE package. To use the APIs, the user needs at least the ADVISOR privilege.

In addition to configuring the standard behavior of the SQL Tuning Advisor, the DBMS_SQLTUNE package enables you to configure automatic SQL tuning by specifying the task parameters using the SET_TUNING_TASK_PARAMETER procedure. Because the automatic tuning task is owned by SYS, only the SYS user can set the task parameters.

Table 17-2 lists the parameters that are specific to automatic SQL tuning which can be configured.

Table 17-1 SET_TUNING_TASK_PARAMETER Automatic SQL Tuning Parameters

Parameter	Description
`ACCEPT_SQL_PROFILE`	Specifies whether to accept SQL profiles automatically.
`MAX_SQL_PROFILES_PER_EXEC`	Specifies the limit of SQL profiles that are accepted for each automatic SQL tuning task. Consider setting the limit of SQL profiles that are accepted for each automatic SQL tuning task based on the acceptable level of changes that can be made to the system on a daily basis.
`MAX_AUTO_SQL_PROFILES`	Specifies the limit of SQL profiles that are accepted in total.
`EXECUTION_DAYS_TO_EXPIRE`	Specifies the number of days for which to save the task history in the advisor framework schema. By default, the task history is saved for 30 days before it expires.

To configure automatic SQL tuning, run the SET_TUNING_TASK_PARAMETER procedure in the DBMS_SQLTUNE package:

In this example, the automatic SQL tuning task is configured to automatically accept SQL profiles recommended by the SQL Tuning Advisor.

See Also:

'Configuring a SQL Tuning Task' for information about other parameters that can be configured for a SQL tuning task
Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information about the DBMS_SQLTUNE package

17.3.3 Viewing Automatic SQL Tuning Reports

The automatic SQL tuning report is generated using the DBMS_SQLTUNE.REPORT_AUTO_TUNING_TASK function and contains information about all executions of the automatic SQL tuning task. To run this report, you need the ADVISOR privilege and SELECT privileges on the DBA_ADVISOR views. Unlike the standard SQL tuning report generated using the DBMS_SQLTUNE.REPORT_TUNING_TASK function, which only contains information about a single task execution of the SQL Tuning Advisor, the automatic SQL tuning report contains information about multiple executions of the automatic SQL tuning task.

To view the automatic SQL tuning report, run the REPORT_AUTO_TUNING_TASK function in the DBMS_SQLTUNE package:

In this example, a text report is generated to display all SQL statements that were analyzed in the most recent execution, including recommendations that were not implemented, and all sections of the report are included.

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information about the DBMS_SQLTUNE package

Depending on the sections that were included in the report, you can view information about the automatic SQL tuning task in the following sections of the report:

General information
The general information section provides a high-level description of the automatic SQL tuning task, including information about the inputs given for the report, the number of SQL statements tuned during the maintenance, and the number of SQL profiles that were created
Summary
The summary section lists the SQL statements (by their SQL identifiers) that were tuned during the maintenance window and the estimated benefit of each SQL profile, or their actual execution statistics after test executing the SQL statement with the SQL profile
Tuning findings
This section contains the following information about each SQL statement analyzed by the SQL Tuning Advisor:
- All findings associated with each SQL statement
- Whether the profile was accepted on the system, and why
- Whether the SQL profile is currently enabled on the system
- Detailed execution statistics captured when testing the SQL profile
Explain plans
This section shows the old and new explain plans used by each SQL statement analyzed by the SQL Tuning Advisor.
Errors
This section lists all errors encountered by the automatic SQL tuning task.

17.4Reactive Tuning Using the SQL Tuning Advisor

The SQL Tuning Advisor can be invoked manually for on-demand tuning of one or more SQL statements. To tune multiple statements, you need to create a SQL tuning set (STS). A SQL tuning set is a database object that stores SQL statements along with their execution context. You can create a SQL tuning set using command line APIs or Oracle Enterprise Manager. See 'SQL Tuning Sets'.

This section contains the following topics:

17.4.1 Input Sources

The input for the SQL Tuning Advisor can come from several sources. These input sources include:

Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor
The primary input source is the Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM). By default, ADDM runs proactively once every hour and analyzes key statistics gathered by the Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) over the last hour to identify any performance problems including high-load SQL statements. If a high-load SQL is identified, ADDM recommends running SQL Tuning Advisor on the SQL. See 'Overview of the Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor'.
Automatic Workload Repository
The second most important input source is the Automatic Workload Repository (AWR). The AWR takes regular snapshots of the system activity, including high-load SQL statements ranked by relevant statistics, such as CPU consumption and wait time.
You can view the AWR and manually identify high-load SQL statements and run the SQL Tuning Advisor on them, though this is done automatically by Oracle Database as part of the automatic SQL tuning process. By default, the AWR retains data for the last eight days. Any high-load SQL that ran within the retention period of the AWR can be located and tuned using this method. See 'Overview of the Automatic Workload Repository'.
Cursor cache
The third likely source of input is the cursor cache. This source is used for tuning recent SQL statements that are yet to be captured in the AWR. The cursor cache and AWR together provide the capability to identify and tune high-load SQL statements from the current time going as far back as the AWR retention allows, which by default is at least 8 days.
SQL Tuning Set
Another possible input source for the SQL Tuning Advisor is the SQL Tuning Set. A SQL Tuning Set (STS) is a database object that stores SQL statements along with their execution context. An STS can include SQL statements that are yet to be deployed, with the goal of measuring their individual performance, or identifying the ones whose performance falls short of expectation. When a set of SQL statements are used as input, a SQL Tuning Set (STS) has to be first constructed and stored. See 'SQL Tuning Sets'.

17.4.2 Tuning Options

The SQL Tuning Advisor provides options to manage the scope and duration of a tuning task. The scope of a tuning task can be set to limited or comprehensive.

If the limited option is chosen, the SQL Tuning Advisor produces recommendations based on statistics checks, access path analysis, and SQL structure analysis. SQL Profile recommendations are not generated.
If the comprehensive option is selected, the SQL Tuning Advisor carries out all the analysis it performs under limited scope plus SQL Profiling. With the comprehensive option you can also specify a time limit for the tuning task, which by default is 30 minutes.

17.4.3 Advisor Output

After analyzing the SQL statements, the SQL Tuning Advisor provides advice on optimizing the execution plan, the rationale for the proposed optimization, the estimated performance benefit, and the command to implement the advice. You simply have to choose whether or not to accept the recommendations to optimize the SQL statements.

17.4.4Running the SQL Tuning Advisor

The recommended interface for running the SQL Tuning Advisor is the Oracle Enterprise Manager. Whenever possible, you should run the SQL Tuning Advisor using Oracle Enterprise Manager, as described in the Oracle Database 2 Day + Performance Tuning Guide. If Oracle Enterprise Manager is unavailable, you can run the SQL Tuning Advisor using procedures in the DBMS_SQLTUNE package. To use the APIs, the user must be granted specific privileges.

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information on the security model for the DBMS_SQLTUNE package

Running SQL Tuning Advisor using DBMS_SQLTUNE package is a multi-step process:

Create a SQL Tuning Set (if tuning multiple SQL statements)
Create a SQL tuning task
Execute a SQL tuning task
Display the results of a SQL tuning task
Implement recommendations as appropriate

A SQL tuning task can be created for a single SQL statement. For tuning multiple statements, a SQL Tuning Set (STS) has to be first created. An STS is a database object that stores SQL statements along with their execution context. An STS can be created manually using command line APIs or automatically using Oracle Enterprise Manager. See 'SQL Tuning Sets'.

Figure 17-2 shows the steps involved when running the SQL Tuning Advisor using the DBMS_SQLTUNE package.

Figure 17-2 SQL Tuning Advisor APIs

Description of 'Figure 17-2 SQL Tuning Advisor APIs'

This section covers the following topics:

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information about the DBMS_SQLTUNE package

17.4.4.1 Creating a SQL Tuning Task

You can create tuning tasks from the text of a single SQL statement, a SQL Tuning Set containing multiple statements, a SQL statement selected by SQL identifier from the cursor cache, or a SQL statement selected by SQL identifier from the Automatic Workload Repository.

For example, to use the SQL Tuning Advisor to optimize a specified SQL statement text, you need to create a tuning task with the SQL statement passed as a CLOB argument. For the following PL/SQL code, the user HR has been granted the ADVISOR privilege and the function is run as user HR on the employees table in the HR schema.

Unfortunately you'll only be able to launch 4 samples at a time with this controller. How to set hot cues traktor mixtrack pro 3.

In this example, 100 is the value for bind variable :bnd passed as function argument of type SQL_BINDS, HR is the user under which the CREATE_TUNING_TASK function analyzes the SQL statement, the scope is set to COMPREHENSIVE which means that the advisor also performs SQL Profiling analysis, and 60 is the maximum time in seconds that the function can run. In addition, values for task name and description are provided.

The CREATE_TUNING_TASK function returns the task name that you have provided or generates a unique task name. You can use the task name to specify this task when using other APIs. To view the task names associated with a specific owner, you can run the following:

17.4.4.2 Configuring a SQL Tuning Task

You can fine tune a SQL tuning task after it has been created by configuring its parameters using the SET_TUNING_TASK_PARAMETER procedure in the DBMS_SQLTUNE package:

In this example, the maximum time that the SQL tuning task can run is changed to 300 seconds.

Table 17-2 lists the parameters that can be configured using the SET_TUNING_TASK_PARAMETER procedure.

Table 17-2 SET_TUNING_TASK_PARAMETER Procedure Parameters

Parameter	Description
`MODE`	Specifies the scope of the tuning task: LIMITED takes approximately 1 second to tune each SQL statement but does not recommend a SQL profile COMPREHENSIVE performs a complete analysis and recommends a SQL profile, when appropriate, but may take much longer.
`USERNAME`	Username under which the SQL statement will be parsed
`DAYS_TO_EXPIRE`	Number of days before the task is deleted
`DEFAULT_EXECUTION_TYPE`	Default execution type if not specified by the `EXECUTE_TUNING_TASK` function when the task is executed
`TIME_LIMIT`	Time limit (in number of seconds) before the task times out
`LOCAL_TIME_LIMIT`	Time limit (in number of seconds) for each SQL statement
`TEST_EXECUTE`	Determines if the SQL Tuning Advisor will test execute the SQL statements to verify the recommendation benefit: FULL - Test executes SQL statements for as much of the local time limit as necessary AUTO - Test executes SQL statements using an automatic time limit OFF - Will not test execute SQL statements
`BASIC_FILTER`	Basic filter used for SQL tuning set
`OBJECT_FILTER`	Object filter used for SQL tuning set
`PLAN_FILTER`	Plan filter used for SQL tuning set
`RANK_MEASURE1`	First ranking measure used for SQL tuning set
`RANK_MEASURE2`	Second ranking measure used for SQL tuning set
`RANK_MEASURE3`	Third ranking measure used for SQL tuning set
`RESUME_FILTER`	Extra filter used for SQL tuning set (besides `BASIC_FILTER`)
`SQL_LIMIT`	Maximum number of SQL statements to tune
`SQL_PERCENTAGE`	Percentage filter of statements from SQL tuning set

17.4.4.3 Executing a SQL Tuning Task

After you have created a tuning task, you need to execute the task and start the tuning process. For example:

Like any other SQL Tuning Advisor task, you can also execute the automatic tuning task SYS_AUTO_SQL_TUNING_TASK using the EXECUTE_TUNING_TASK API. The SQL Tuning Advisor will perform the same analysis and actions as it would when run automatically. You can also pass an execution name to the API to name the new execution.

17.4.4.4 Checking the Status of a SQL Tuning Task

You can check the status of the task by reviewing the information in the USER_ADVISOR_TASKS view or check execution progress of the task in the V$SESSION_LONGOPS view. For example:

17.4.4.5Checking the Progress of the SQL Tuning Advisor

You can check the execution progress of the SQL Tuning Advisor in the V$ADVISOR_PROGRESS view. For example:

See Also:

Oracle Database Reference for information on the V$ADVISOR_PROGRESS view

17.4.4.6 Displaying the Results of a SQL Tuning Task

After a task has been executed, you display a report of the results with the REPORT_TUNING_TASK function. For example:

The report contains all the findings and recommendations of the SQL Tuning Advisor. For each proposed recommendation, the rationale and benefit is provided along with the SQL commands needed to implement the recommendation.

Additional information about tuning tasks and results can be found in DBA views. See 'SQL Tuning Information Views'.

17.4.4.7 Additional Operations on a SQL Tuning Task

You can use the following APIs for managing SQL tuning tasks:

INTERRUPT_TUNING_TASK to interrupt a task while executing, causing a normal exit with intermediate results
RESUME_TUNING_TASK to resume a previously interrupted task
CANCEL_TUNING_TASK to cancel a task while executing, removing all results from the task
RESET_TUNING_TASK to reset a task while executing, removing all results from the task and returning the task to its initial state
DROP_TUNING_TASK to drop a task, removing all results associated with the task

17.5SQL Tuning Sets

A SQL Tuning Set (STS) is a database object that includes one or more SQL statements along with their execution statistics and execution context, and could include a user priority ranking. The SQL statements can be loaded into a SQL Tuning Set from different SQL sources, such as the Automatic Workload Repository, the cursor cache, or custom SQL provided by the user. An STS includes:

A set of SQL statements
Associated execution context, such as user schema, application module name and action, list of bind values, and the cursor compilation environment
Associated basic execution statistics, such as elapsed time, CPU time, buffer gets, disk reads, rows processed, cursor fetches, the number of executions, the number of complete executions, optimizer cost, and the command type
Associated execution plans and row source statistics for each SQL statement (optional)

SQL statements can be filtered using the application module name and action, or any of the execution statistics. In addition, the SQL statements can be ranked based on any combination of execution statistics.

A SQL Tuning Set can be used as input to the SQL Tuning Advisor, which performs automatic tuning of the SQL statements based on other input parameters specified by the user. SQL Tuning Sets are transportable across databases and can be exported from one system to another, allowing for the transfer of SQL workloads between databases for remote performance diagnostics and tuning. When poorly performing SQL statements are encountered on a production system, it may not be desirable for developers to perform their investigation and tuning activities on the production system directly. This feature allows the DBA to transport the problematic SQL statements to a test system where the developers can safely analyze and tune them. To transport SQL Tuning Sets, use the DBMS_SQLTUNE package procedures.

The recommended interface for managing SQL tuning sets is the Oracle Enterprise Manager. Whenever possible, you should manage SQL tuning sets using Oracle Enterprise Manager, as described in the Oracle Database 2 Day + Performance Tuning Guide. If Oracle Enterprise Manager is unavailable, you can manage SQL tuning sets using the DBMS_SQLTUNE package procedures. Typically you would use the STS operations in the following sequence:

Create a new STS
Load the STS
Select the STS to review the contents
Update the STS if necessary
Create a tuning task with the STS as input
Transporting the STS to another system if necessary
Drop the STS when finished

To use the APIs, you need the ADMINISTER SQL TUNING SET system privilege to manage SQL Tuning Sets that you own, or the ADMINISTERANYSQLTUNINGSET system privilege to manage any SQL Tuning Sets.

Figure 17-3 shows the steps involved when using SQL Tuning Sets APIs.

Figure 17-3 SQL Tuning Sets APIs

Description of 'Figure 17-3 SQL Tuning Sets APIs'

This section covers the following topics:

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information about the DBMS_SQLTUNE package

17.5.1 Creating a SQL Tuning Set

The CREATE_SQLSET procedure is used to create an empty STS object in the database. For example, the following procedure creates an STS object that could be used to tune I/O intensive SQL statements during a specific period of time:

where my_sql_tuning_set is the name of the STS in the database and 'I/O intensive workload' is the description assigned to the STS.

17.5.2 Loading a SQL Tuning Set

The LOAD_SQLSET procedure populates the STS with selected SQL statements. The standard sources for populating an STS are the workload repository, another STS, or the cursor cache. For both the workload repository and STS, predefined table functions can be used to select columns from the source to populate a new STS.

In the following example, procedure calls are used to load my_sql_tuning_set from an AWR baseline called peakbaseline. The data has been filtered to select only the top 30 SQL statements ordered by elapsed time. First a ref cursor is opened to select from the specified baseline. Next the statements and their statistics are loaded from the baseline into the STS.

17.5.3 Displaying the Contents of a SQL Tuning Set

Undo Auto Tune 11g Software

The SELECT_SQLSET table function reads the contents of the STS. After an STS has been created and populated, you can browse the SQL in the STS using different filtering criteria. The SELECT_SQLSET procedure is provided for this purpose.

In the following example, the SQL statements in the STS are displayed for statements with a disk-reads to buffer-gets ratio greater than or equal to 75%.

Additional details of the SQL Tuning Sets that have been created and loaded can also be displayed with DBA views, such as DBA_SQLSET, DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS, and DBA_SQLSET_BINDS.

17.5.4 Modifying a SQL Tuning Set

SQL statements can be updated and deleted from a SQL Tuning Set based on a search condition. In the following example, the DELETE_SQLSET procedure deletes SQL statements from my_sql_tuning_set that have been executed less than fifty times.

17.5.5 Transporting a SQL Tuning Set

SQL Tuning Sets can be transported to another system by first exporting the STS from one system to a staging table, then importing the STS from the staging table into another system.

To transport a SQL Tuning Set:

Undo Auto Tune 11g Download

Use the CREATE_STGTAB_SQLSET procedure to create a staging table where the SQL Tuning Sets will be exported.
The following example shows how to create a staging table named staging_table. Table names are case-sensitive.
Use the PACK_STGTAB_SQLSET procedure to export SQL Tuning Sets into the staging table.
The following example shows how to export a SQL Tuning Set named my_sts to the staging table.
Move the staging table to the system where the SQL Tuning Sets will be imported using the mechanism of choice (such as datapump or database link).
On the system where the SQL Tuning Sets will be imported, use the UNPACK_STGTAB_SQLSET procedure to import SQL Tuning Sets from the staging table.
The following example shows how to import SQL Tuning Sets contained in the staging table.

17.5.6 Dropping a SQL Tuning Set

The DROP_SQLSET procedure is used to drop an STS that is no longer needed. For example:

17.5.7 Additional Operations on SQL Tuning Sets

You can use the following APIs to manage an STS:

Updating the attributes of SQL statements in an STS
The UPDATE_SQLSET procedure updates the attributes of SQL statements (such as PRIORITY or OTHER) in an existing STS identified by STS name and SQL identifier.
Capturing the full system workload
The CAPTURE_CURSOR_CACHE_SQLSET function enables the capture of the full system workload by repeatedly polling the cursor cache over a specified interval. This function is a lot more efficient than repeatedly using the SELECT_CURSOR_CACHE and LOAD_SQLSET procedures to capture the cursor cache over an extended period of time. This function effectively captures the entire workload, as opposed to the AWR—which only captures the workload of high-load SQL statements—or the LOAD_SQLSET procedure, which accesses the data source only once.
Adding and removing a reference to an STS
The ADD_SQLSET_REFERENCE function adds a new reference to an existing STS to indicate its use by a client. The function returns the identifier of the added reference. The REMOVE_SQLSET_REFERENCE procedure is used to deactivate an STS to indicate it is no longer used by the client.

17.6SQL Profiles

While SQL Profiles are usually handled by Oracle Enterprise Manager as part of the Automatic SQL tuning process, SQL Profiles can be managed through the DBMS_SQLTUNE package. To use the SQL Profiles APIs, you need the ADMINISTER SQL MANAGEMENT OBJECT privilege.

Figure 17-4 shows the steps involved when using SQL Profiles APIs.

Figure 17-4 SQL Profiles APIs

Description of 'Figure 17-4 SQL Profiles APIs'

This section covers the following topics:

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information about the DBMS_SQLTUNE package

17.6.1 Accepting a SQL Profile

When the SQL Tuning Advisor recommends that a SQL Profile be used, you should accept the SQL Profile that is recommended. In cases where the SQL Tuning Advisor recommends that an index and a SQL Profile be used, both should be used. You can use the DBMS_SQLTUNE.ACCEPT_SQL_PROFILE procedure to accept a SQL Profile recommended by the SQL Tuning Advisor. This creates and stores a SQL Profile in the database. For example:

In this example, my_sql_tuning_task is the name of the SQL tuning task and my_sql_profile is the name of the SQL Profile that you want to accept.

Typically, an accepted SQL Profile is associated with the SQL statement through a special SQL signature that is generated using a hash function. This hash function normalizes the SQL statement for case (changes the entire SQL statement to upper case) and white spaces (removes all extra whites spaces) before generating the signature. The same SQL Profile thus will work for all SQL statements that are essentially the same, where the only difference is in case usage and white spaces. However, by setting force_match to true, the SQL Profile will additionally target all SQL statements that have the same text after normalizing literal values to bind variables. This may be useful for applications that use literal values rather than bind variables, since this will allow SQL with text differing only in its literal values to share a SQL Profile. If both literal values and bind variables are used in the SQL text, or if this parameter is set to false (the default value), literal values will not be normalized.

If SQL plan management is used and there is already an existing plan baseline for the SQL statement, a new plan baseline will be added when a SQL profile is created. If SQL plan management is not used, a new plan baseline will not be added when a SQL profile is created. There is no strict relationship between the SQL profile and the plan baseline. When hard parsing a SQL statement, the optimizer will use the SQL profile to select the best plan baseline from the ones available. In different conditions, the SQL profile may cause the optimizer to select different plan baselines. For information about SQL plan management, see Chapter 15, 'Using SQL Plan Management'.

You can view information about a SQL Profile in the DBA_SQL_PROFILES view.

17.6.2 Altering a SQL Profile

You can alter the STATUS, NAME, DESCRIPTION, and CATEGORY attributes of an existing SQL Profile with the ALTER_SQL_PROFILE procedure. For example:

In this example, my_sql_profile is the name of the SQL Profile that you want to alter. The status attribute is changed to disabled, which means the SQL Profile is not used during SQL compilation.

17.6.3 Dropping a SQL Profile

You can drop a SQL Profile with the DROP_SQL_PROFILE procedure. For example:

In this example, my_sql_profile is the name of the SQL Profile you want to drop. You can also specify whether to ignore errors raised if the name does not exist. For this example, the default value of FALSE is accepted.

17.7 SQL Tuning Information Views

This section summarizes the views that you can display to review information that has been gathered for tuning the SQL statements. You need DBA privileges to access these views.

Advisor information views, such as DBA_ADVISOR_TASKS, DBA_ADVISOR_EXECUTIONS, DBA_ADVISOR_FINDINGS, DBA_ADVISOR_RECOMMENDATIONS, and DBA_ADVISOR_RATIONALE views.
SQL tuning information views, such as DBA_SQLTUNE_STATISTICS, DBA_SQLTUNE_BINDS, and DBA_SQLTUNE_PLANS views.
SQL Tuning Set views, such as DBA_SQLSET, DBA_SQLSET_BINDS, DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS, and DBA_SQLSET_REFERENCES views.
Information on captured execution plans for statements in SQL Tuning Sets are displayed in the DBA_SQLSET_PLANS and USER_SQLSET_PLANS views.
SQL Profile information is displayed in the DBA_SQL_PROFILES view.
The TYPE parameter shows if the SQL profile was created manually by the SQL Tuning Advisor (if TYPE = MANUAL) or automatically by automatic SQL tuning (if TYPE = AUTO).
Advisor execution progress information is displayed in the V$ADVISOR_PROGRESS view.
Dynamic views containing information relevant to the SQL tuning, such as V$SQL, V$SQLAREA, V$SQLSTATS, and V$SQL_BINDS views.
See Also:
Oracle Database Reference for information on static data dictionary and dynamic views